Temporal variability of enterococci and associated sources at three subtropical recreational beaches

CLAUDIA ESMERALDA LEON LOPEZ Jose Alfredo Arreola Lizárraga Gustavo Padilla Renato Arturo Mendoza Salgado Jorge Eduardo Chávez Villalba Lía Celina Méndez Rodríguez Jaqueline García Hernández (2018)

"We have examined enterococci concentrations in water and sand (dry and wet) at three semi-arid subtropical recreational beaches to assess public health risks. To determine the concentration of enterococci, water and sand samples were collected before, during and after the Easter Week (when the largest in ux of users occurs), and in the wintertime. The lowest concentrations (< 100 MPN 100 ml-1) were recorded before the Easter Week, the highest concentrations (> 1500 MPN 100 ml-1) during and after the Easter Week, and concentrations < 500 MPN 100 ml-1 in the wintertime. Enterococci concentrations in sand were generally < 200 MPN 100 ml-1. Variability in enterococci concentrations can be explained by the in ux of users during the Easter Week, rainfall runoff and the increase in water temperature after the Easter Week, as well as by winds and the presence of dogs and birds in the wintertime. The highest health risks occur during and after the Easter Week."

Article

bacteria, fecal contamination, sand beaches, sanitary quality, enterococci CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA PROCESOS LITORALES O SUBLITORALES PROCESOS LITORALES O SUBLITORALES

CARRYING CAPACITY AND THE EFFECT OF BATHERS ON THE SANITARY QUALITY OF WATER AT A RURAL RECREATIONAL BEACH

CLAUDIA ESMERALDA LEON LOPEZ GISELA GARCIA MORALES Jorge Eduardo Chávez Villalba Renato Arturo Mendoza Salgado Jaqueline García Hernández Lía Celina Méndez Rodríguez Jose Alfredo Arreola Lizárraga (2021)

"The influx of users to recreational beaches increases during vacation periods with potential effects on water quality and public health. This study was carried out in a rural recreational beach in northwest Mexico. We hypothesized that the massive influx of users during vacation periods exceeds the carrying capacity of the beach, being a source of fecal pollution that poses risks to public health. To test the hypothesis , we estimated the carrying capacity of the beach and measured the actual influx of users and the concentration of fecal indicator bacteria in beach water before, during, and after the Easter holiday (EH). The concentrations of total and fecal coliform bacteria in water provided evidence of recent fecal pollution during and after EH. The concentration of enter-ococci before EH showed low levels that indicate no risk to the health of users, but increased to health risk levels during and two months after EH. Our results highlight the importance of implementing management strategies that include installing sufficient infrastructure and sanitation services, as well as regulating the entry of visitors and pets according to the carrying capacity of the beach."

Article

Recreational beach, Carrying capacity, Water quality, Fe-cal pollution CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA PROCESOS LITORALES O SUBLITORALES PROCESOS LITORALES O SUBLITORALES